See packmule on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "pack",
"4": "mule<id:Q41692>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *pakkô\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld English *pæcca?\n▲\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld Dutch *pakko\nMiddle Dutch pakbor.?\nMiddle English pak\nEnglish pack\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Italic *musklos?\nLatin mūlus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -a\nLatin mūla\nAnglo-Norman mulebor.\n▲\nLatin mūlusbor.\nProto-West Germanic *mūl\nOld English mūl\nMiddle English mule\nEnglish mule\nEnglish packmule\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pakkō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"*pæcca\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pakkō\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"*pakko\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"pak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"pack\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"Q41692\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"mule\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*musklos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūlus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"feminine\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", 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\"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh<unc>\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*musklos<ety:bor<qfa-sub:-<unc>>>\", \"id\" : \"mule\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūlus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mūl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"mūl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"mule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mule\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"packmule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"packmule\">\nFrom pack + mule.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *pakkô\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld English *pæcca?\n▲\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld Dutch *pakko\nMiddle Dutch pakbor.?\nMiddle English pak\nEnglish pack\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Italic *musklos?\nLatin mūlus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -a\nLatin mūla\nAnglo-Norman mulebor.\n▲\nLatin mūlusbor.\nProto-West Germanic *mūl\nOld English mūl\nMiddle English mule\nEnglish mule\nEnglish packmule\nFrom pack + mule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "packmules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pack-mule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pack mule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "packmule (plural packmules)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A mule used as a pack animal."
],
"id": "en-packmule-en-noun-lJe8ZMqs",
"links": [
[
"mule",
"mule"
],
[
"pack animal",
"pack animal"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pakezel"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lastezel"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lastesel"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burro de carga"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burro de carga"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Equids",
"orig": "en:Equids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is tasked with carrying a large amount of items or luggage, especially those owned by other people and for long distances."
],
"id": "en-packmule-en-noun-8sUWqCiE",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"luggage",
"luggage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A person who is tasked with carrying a large amount of items or luggage, especially those owned by other people and for long distances."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "person who carries many heavy items",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burro de carga"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "person who carries many heavy items",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "burra de carga"
}
]
}
],
"word": "packmule"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
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"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Pages using etymon with no ID",
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"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Equids",
"en:People"
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "pack",
"4": "mule<id:Q41692>",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *pakkô\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld English *pæcca?\n▲\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld Dutch *pakko\nMiddle Dutch pakbor.?\nMiddle English pak\nEnglish pack\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Italic *musklos?\nLatin mūlus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -a\nLatin mūla\nAnglo-Norman mulebor.\n▲\nLatin mūlusbor.\nProto-West Germanic *mūl\nOld English mūl\nMiddle English mule\nEnglish mule\nEnglish packmule\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pakkō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"*pæcca\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pakkō\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"*pakko\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"pak\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"pak\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"pack\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"Q41692\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"mule\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*musklos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūlus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"feminine\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ā\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-a\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūla\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Anglo-Norman\", \"term\" : \"mule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"xno\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh<unc>\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*musklos<ety:bor<qfa-sub:-<unc>>>\", \"id\" : \"mule\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"mūlus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mūl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"mūl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"mule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"mule\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"packmule\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"packmule\">\nFrom pack + mule.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Germanic *pakkô\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld English *pæcca?\n▲\nProto-West Germanic *pakkō\nOld Dutch *pakko\nMiddle Dutch pakbor.?\nMiddle English pak\nEnglish pack\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Italic *musklos?\nLatin mūlus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Italic *-ā\nLatin -a\nLatin mūla\nAnglo-Norman mulebor.\n▲\nLatin mūlusbor.\nProto-West Germanic *mūl\nOld English mūl\nMiddle English mule\nEnglish mule\nEnglish packmule\nFrom pack + mule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "packmules",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pack-mule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "pack mule",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "packmule (plural packmules)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A mule used as a pack animal."
],
"links": [
[
"mule",
"mule"
],
[
"pack animal",
"pack animal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A person who is tasked with carrying a large amount of items or luggage, especially those owned by other people and for long distances."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"luggage",
"luggage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A person who is tasked with carrying a large amount of items or luggage, especially those owned by other people and for long distances."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pakezel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lastezel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lastesel"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burro de carga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "mule used as a pack animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burro de carga"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "person who carries many heavy items",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "burro de carga"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "person who carries many heavy items",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "burra de carga"
}
],
"word": "packmule"
}
Download raw JSONL data for packmule meaning in All languages combined (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.